Jim Scudder interviews special guest Jim Hoff to explore the question: Can a Monkey Type Shakespeare?
Closed captions
Show Timecode
Jim Scudder, Jr.: InGrace | Jim Scudder, Jr. - Can A Monkey Type Shakespeare? | August 16, 2025
- ...
- 00:00:00.633 --> 00:00:01.316
- Jim hoff: we could run this overnight and you might get one
- 00:00:01.750 --> 00:00:03.452
- Or two more characters.
- 00:00:03.552 --> 00:00:04.820
- Jim scudder: there's a certain point where it's not going to
- 00:00:04.953 --> 00:00:07.990
- Get it.
- 00:00:08.090 --> 00:00:08.223
- Jim h.: there's only so many chances in the universe.
- 00:00:09.324 --> 00:00:10.692
- It only has so much time.
- 00:00:10.692 --> 00:00:12.061
- Jim s.: are you looking for hope?
- 00:00:15.631 --> 00:00:17.466
- My amazing parents taught me to look for hope in the lord, and
- 00:00:17.466 --> 00:00:21.370
- That gave me a passion to explore god's
- 00:00:21.370 --> 00:00:23.906
- Incredible creation.
- 00:00:23.906 --> 00:00:25.874
- I'm jim scudder junior.
- 00:00:25.874 --> 00:00:27.409
- Let's go on an adventure together and find hope in grace.
- 00:00:27.409 --> 00:00:30.345
- Jim s.: hey, jim scudder junior here in glen rose, texas, and
- 00:00:33.916 --> 00:00:37.653
- Today on "ingrace," we're gonna actually talk about something
- 00:00:37.653 --> 00:00:40.022
- That seems ridiculous, but it's actually been suggested by
- 00:00:40.022 --> 00:00:44.293
- Somebody to say, "hey, a monkey, if you give him a typewriter and
- 00:00:44.293 --> 00:00:48.263
- Enough time, eventually could type a line from shakespeare,"
- 00:00:48.263 --> 00:00:51.567
- Or actually they said a whole sonnet from shakespeare.
- 00:00:51.567 --> 00:00:54.770
- And so somebody wanted to put that to the test.
- 00:00:54.770 --> 00:00:57.606
- His name is jim hoff.
- 00:00:57.606 --> 00:00:59.441
- He's a computer expert, he's a mathematics wizard.
- 00:00:59.441 --> 00:01:02.878
- He's worked with fiber optics.
- 00:01:02.878 --> 00:01:04.613
- But now he talks about creation and how improbable and, really,
- 00:01:04.613 --> 00:01:08.417
- Impossible evolution is.
- 00:01:08.417 --> 00:01:11.019
- And he's going to show us today, demonstrate to us today on
- 00:01:11.019 --> 00:01:14.389
- "ingrace" how many monkeys you would need, how many typewriters
- 00:01:14.389 --> 00:01:17.659
- You would need, and how much time you would need to ever even
- 00:01:17.659 --> 00:01:21.029
- Type one line from shakespeare.
- 00:01:21.029 --> 00:01:24.533
- This is going to be eye opening and kind of hilarious.
- 00:01:24.533 --> 00:01:27.970
- Jim s.: jim hoff, good to have you on "ingrace" today.
- 00:01:31.640 --> 00:01:34.209
- Jim h.: good to be here.
- 00:01:34.209 --> 00:01:35.544
- Jim s.: i'm so impressed with the homeschool conference you
- 00:01:35.544 --> 00:01:37.980
- Guys are holding here in glen rose, letting kids dig for
- 00:01:37.980 --> 00:01:41.383
- Dinosaur footprints.
- 00:01:41.383 --> 00:01:42.818
- Jim h.: yes, it's the first time that we've had something
- 00:01:42.818 --> 00:01:45.254
- Like that.
- 00:01:45.254 --> 00:01:46.588
- Dr. carl baugh, who runs the creation evidence museum, has
- 00:01:46.588 --> 00:01:49.558
- Been doing yearly dinosaur digs, and so this is just a--an
- 00:01:49.558 --> 00:01:53.795
- Expansion of that process.
- 00:01:53.795 --> 00:01:55.531
- Jim s.: some people that think that we came about by random
- 00:01:55.531 --> 00:01:58.400
- Chance, and basically evolution from an ape-like creature to a
- 00:01:58.400 --> 00:02:02.871
- Man, and that's still shown in the textbooks.
- 00:02:02.871 --> 00:02:05.541
- That would require, if it were even possible, at least in our
- 00:02:05.541 --> 00:02:08.644
- Human minds it would require a lot of time for the odds of it
- 00:02:08.644 --> 00:02:14.149
- To be able to actually happen.
- 00:02:14.149 --> 00:02:15.817
- If you just put a typewriter in a monkey cage, what
- 00:02:15.817 --> 00:02:18.620
- Would happen?
- 00:02:18.620 --> 00:02:19.955
- I actually think someone did that, what happened?
- 00:02:19.955 --> 00:02:21.323
- Jim h.: well, this came from quite a while back in the late
- 00:02:21.323 --> 00:02:24.393
- 18--19th century.
- 00:02:24.393 --> 00:02:26.962
- Somebody had said that if you gave enough monkeys enough
- 00:02:26.962 --> 00:02:30.599
- Typewriters and had them type long enough, one of them would
- 00:02:30.599 --> 00:02:33.268
- By chance type a shakespearean sonnet.
- 00:02:33.268 --> 00:02:35.604
- That was the idea.
- 00:02:35.604 --> 00:02:36.939
- And so, we thought we'd give that a try.
- 00:02:36.939 --> 00:02:39.441
- Now, you don't have to make this program to find that out.
- 00:02:39.441 --> 00:02:41.877
- It's statistically obvious, but this program will make it clear
- 00:02:41.877 --> 00:02:46.081
- And give you a concrete idea of how likely that is to happen.
- 00:02:46.081 --> 00:02:49.885
- Jim s.: visually and audibly you've added a little bit of an
- 00:02:49.885 --> 00:02:52.721
- Audio component to this.
- 00:02:52.721 --> 00:02:54.289
- Now, before we get into the program that you wrote, and this
- 00:02:54.289 --> 00:02:57.092
- Is the first on "ingrace" that we've had someone sit down with
- 00:02:57.092 --> 00:03:00.062
- A laptop and we're gonna show you a really cool thing, but
- 00:03:00.062 --> 00:03:04.032
- What's your background?
- 00:03:04.032 --> 00:03:05.400
- How are you interested in all of this anyway?
- 00:03:05.400 --> 00:03:07.636
- Jim h.: well, i am an electrical engineer from university
- 00:03:07.636 --> 00:03:10.606
- Of wisconsin.
- 00:03:10.606 --> 00:03:11.940
- I started out my career working on the world's--one of the
- 00:03:11.940 --> 00:03:14.910
- World's most powerful computers.
- 00:03:14.910 --> 00:03:16.278
- At the time it was.
- 00:03:16.278 --> 00:03:17.613
- It was in the guinness book of world records.
- 00:03:17.613 --> 00:03:19.248
- That was where i got started, and it's been digital design all
- 00:03:19.248 --> 00:03:21.984
- My life.
- 00:03:21.984 --> 00:03:23.352
- Jim s.: okay, so they actually did put a--was it a typewriter
- 00:03:23.352 --> 00:03:25.587
- In with a monkey.
- 00:03:25.587 --> 00:03:26.922
- What happened with that?
- 00:03:26.922 --> 00:03:28.290
- Jim h.: they put it into a, i think it was a chimp cage, and
- 00:03:28.290 --> 00:03:30.292
- They were very curious about it.
- 00:03:30.292 --> 00:03:31.793
- They went over to it, but they were just fascinated with the
- 00:03:31.793 --> 00:03:34.429
- S key.
- 00:03:34.429 --> 00:03:35.764
- They just banged on the s key over and over again.
- 00:03:35.764 --> 00:03:37.332
- Yeah, i'm sure they were--
- 00:03:37.332 --> 00:03:38.700
- Jim s.: sat on it, messed on it. yeah, everything else.
- 00:03:38.700 --> 00:03:42.604
- Jim s.: in the 1980s, evolutionist richard dawkins
- 00:03:42.604 --> 00:03:45.240
- Proposed a computer simulation to illustrate how evolution
- 00:03:45.240 --> 00:03:48.777
- Tries to build complexity over time.
- 00:03:48.777 --> 00:03:52.114
- It started with random letters and gradually formed the phrase
- 00:03:52.114 --> 00:03:56.385
- "methinks it is like a weasel."
- 00:03:56.385 --> 00:03:58.487
- But not by chance alone.
- 00:03:58.487 --> 00:04:00.856
- Each generation was guided toward a preset goal, but
- 00:04:00.856 --> 00:04:04.493
- Evolution, even as darwin admits, wouldn't even work
- 00:04:04.493 --> 00:04:08.130
- That way.
- 00:04:08.130 --> 00:04:09.464
- In chapter three of, "the blind watchmaker," dawkins openly
- 00:04:09.464 --> 00:04:12.601
- Admits that the weasel model is misleading in important ways.
- 00:04:12.601 --> 00:04:17.406
- He says, "although the monkey/shakespeare model is
- 00:04:17.406 --> 00:04:20.776
- Useful for explaining the distinction between single-step
- 00:04:20.776 --> 00:04:24.079
- Selection and cumulative selection, it is misleading in
- 00:04:24.079 --> 00:04:27.749
- Important ways.
- 00:04:27.749 --> 00:04:29.084
- One of these is that, in each generation of selective
- 00:04:29.084 --> 00:04:32.354
- 'breeding,' the mutant 'progeny' phrases were judged according to
- 00:04:32.354 --> 00:04:36.425
- The criterion of resemblance to a distant ideal target, the
- 00:04:36.425 --> 00:04:40.862
- Phrase methinks it is like a weasel.
- 00:04:40.862 --> 00:04:43.932
- Life isn't like that.
- 00:04:43.932 --> 00:04:46.368
- Evolution has no long-term goal.
- 00:04:46.368 --> 00:04:49.171
- There is no long-distance target, no final perfection to
- 00:04:49.171 --> 00:04:53.408
- Serve as a criterion for selection."
- 00:04:53.408 --> 00:04:56.945
- Also in dawkins's simulation, the computer should have started
- 00:04:56.945 --> 00:05:00.582
- Over from the beginning, not save the previous letter it
- 00:05:00.582 --> 00:05:03.719
- Randomly found.
- 00:05:03.719 --> 00:05:05.520
- In this episode of "ingrace," jim hoff runs a similar test,
- 00:05:05.520 --> 00:05:09.825
- But each time forcing the computer to start the sentence
- 00:05:09.825 --> 00:05:12.928
- Over, showing that pure randomness, like monkeys typing
- 00:05:12.928 --> 00:05:17.299
- At a keyboard, could never produce even one short sentence.
- 00:05:17.299 --> 00:05:22.270
- It's a clear reminder design requires a designer.
- 00:05:22.270 --> 00:05:27.342
- Jim s.: we have design everywhere we see, but people
- 00:05:27.342 --> 00:05:30.112
- Think that we just, you know, we just came about by random
- 00:05:30.112 --> 00:05:32.981
- Process and chance.
- 00:05:32.981 --> 00:05:34.316
- So you said, "okay, let's build a program and let's put that to
- 00:05:34.316 --> 00:05:37.786
- The test and let's kind of show the world that it's not just
- 00:05:37.786 --> 00:05:41.022
- Improbable, it's impossible."
- 00:05:41.022 --> 00:05:42.624
- Jim h.: yes, that's what it is.
- 00:05:42.624 --> 00:05:44.426
- First of all, if you want to go from a naturalistic position,
- 00:05:44.426 --> 00:05:48.597
- All you have to work with is matter, energy, the laws--and
- 00:05:48.597 --> 00:05:52.167
- The laws of physics and chance.
- 00:05:52.167 --> 00:05:53.935
- Jim s.: okay, so of those four, which one could bring about what
- 00:05:53.935 --> 00:05:58.140
- We're talking about, evolution?
- 00:05:58.140 --> 00:05:59.474
- Jim h.: what they're placing their bets on is the chance.
- 00:05:59.474 --> 00:06:01.510
- They're saying that--you know, because we can look at the laws
- 00:06:01.510 --> 00:06:03.879
- Of physics and they don't give us any way--things don't fall
- 00:06:03.879 --> 00:06:06.915
- Together into human beings and things, so it takes a chance
- 00:06:06.915 --> 00:06:11.019
- Thing for that to happen.
- 00:06:11.019 --> 00:06:12.387
- Jim s.: okay, so we're gonna test that, the chance part of
- 00:06:12.387 --> 00:06:14.823
- The component, the one thing they have to hang everything on,
- 00:06:14.823 --> 00:06:17.759
- And we're gonna test that and see what happens.
- 00:06:17.759 --> 00:06:20.462
- Okay, so let's get through it.
- 00:06:20.462 --> 00:06:21.830
- Jim h.: okay, well, i've got a program here.
- 00:06:21.830 --> 00:06:23.999
- You can see we have a chimp there dressed in a lab coat and
- 00:06:23.999 --> 00:06:27.502
- He's banging away on a computer.
- 00:06:27.502 --> 00:06:29.371
- But at the same time we have up at the top, oh, we're trying to
- 00:06:29.371 --> 00:06:32.974
- Type something out and almost right away we got the m.
- 00:06:32.974 --> 00:06:36.077
- Jim s.: so what are we trying to type out here?
- 00:06:36.077 --> 00:06:37.946
- Jim h.: a good one to try was, "methinks it is like a weasel,"
- 00:06:37.946 --> 00:06:40.882
- And that comes from--it's from shakespeare.
- 00:06:40.882 --> 00:06:43.985
- I believe it's from hamlet, and it was just--
- 00:06:43.985 --> 00:06:46.688
- Jim s.: looking at the clouds.
- 00:06:46.688 --> 00:06:48.056
- Jim h.: and they--there's--you see faces or whatever, and one
- 00:06:48.056 --> 00:06:51.126
- Of the characters says, "methinks it's like a
- 00:06:51.126 --> 00:06:53.094
- Weasel," so--
- 00:06:53.094 --> 00:06:54.429
- Jim s.: so why not?
- 00:06:54.429 --> 00:06:55.797
- Throw that in there.
- 00:06:55.797 --> 00:06:57.132
- Let the monkey just randomly peck at this and you're gonna
- 00:06:57.132 --> 00:06:59.568
- See how long it takes.
- 00:06:59.568 --> 00:07:01.436
- Could that ever happen?
- 00:07:01.436 --> 00:07:02.771
- One monkey typing that out?
- 00:07:02.771 --> 00:07:04.306
- And i heard that kind of clicking
- 00:07:04.306 --> 00:07:05.674
- Going on, was that one--
- 00:07:05.674 --> 00:07:07.042
- Jim h.: that was the keys, and then it's gonna start up on
- 00:07:07.042 --> 00:07:09.077
- Its own--
- 00:07:09.077 --> 00:07:10.412
- Jim s.: and was that per second?
- 00:07:10.412 --> 00:07:11.780
- Jim h.: right now it's at one key per second.
- 00:07:11.780 --> 00:07:13.114
- Jim s.: so it's like hitting one key per second, and after how
- 00:07:13.114 --> 00:07:15.884
- Many characters it came up with the m.
- 00:07:15.884 --> 00:07:17.986
- Now, what is that, 1 in 30 chance?
- 00:07:17.986 --> 00:07:20.489
- Because you have about 30 characters programmed into this.
- 00:07:20.489 --> 00:07:23.425
- So you have the alphabet and a few other keys.
- 00:07:23.425 --> 00:07:25.494
- Jim h.: and the reason why we did 30 or 31 is because that
- 00:07:25.494 --> 00:07:28.663
- Squared is 1000.
- 00:07:28.663 --> 00:07:29.998
- Makes a nice--easy to work with.
- 00:07:29.998 --> 00:07:32.033
- So we have--when it types two characters, the first one has 1
- 00:07:32.033 --> 00:07:35.437
- Chance in 30, the next one will have 1 chance in 1000 of
- 00:07:35.437 --> 00:07:38.640
- Coming up.
- 00:07:38.640 --> 00:07:40.008
- Jim s.: okay, so now we're looking for the m-e, and that's
- 00:07:40.008 --> 00:07:42.010
- 1 in 1000.
- 00:07:42.010 --> 00:07:43.345
- Okay, so we have exponential increase in the chances of this
- 00:07:43.345 --> 00:07:47.115
- Happening, and that's just the first two letters of this
- 00:07:47.115 --> 00:07:50.051
- Little sentence.
- 00:07:50.051 --> 00:07:51.887
- Jim h.: that's right, and it's trying to find m-e.
- 00:07:51.887 --> 00:07:53.889
- Jim s.: just randomly m-e, okay.
- 00:07:53.889 --> 00:07:55.223
- Jim h.: and it should take about 1000, on average.
- 00:07:55.223 --> 00:07:57.559
- Jim s.: one in a thousand for it to come up with that.
- 00:07:57.559 --> 00:07:59.427
- So we could be sitting here for 1000 seconds
- 00:07:59.427 --> 00:08:01.396
- Is what you're trying to say.
- 00:08:01.396 --> 00:08:02.731
- Jim h.: which is, what, 15 minutes or something like that.
- 00:08:02.731 --> 00:08:04.332
- Jim s.: so our show is only half an hour long.
- 00:08:04.332 --> 00:08:05.967
- Jim h.: so let's not do that.
- 00:08:05.967 --> 00:08:07.335
- So, okay, so we also say here how many characters we've typed:
- 00:08:07.335 --> 00:08:11.139
- 84, 85, 86, 87.
- 00:08:11.139 --> 00:08:14.042
- And we're working on the second we matched one character out of,
- 00:08:14.042 --> 00:08:17.679
- "methinks it is like a weasel," and it's colored green.
- 00:08:17.679 --> 00:08:20.348
- So every time you see a green, it's gonna be that one.
- 00:08:20.348 --> 00:08:22.417
- So let's speed it up a little bit, okay?
- 00:08:22.417 --> 00:08:24.519
- If i hit the key one time, now it's gonna do a--two characters
- 00:08:24.519 --> 00:08:28.156
- Per second.
- 00:08:28.156 --> 00:08:29.491
- Now it would only take 500 seconds to find it, but they
- 00:08:29.491 --> 00:08:32.360
- Keep on going here.
- 00:08:32.360 --> 00:08:33.695
- We'll increase a little bit.
- 00:08:33.695 --> 00:08:35.463
- Jim s.: so how many characters are we getting up to?
- 00:08:35.463 --> 00:08:36.932
- Jim h.: let's see, we're getting up--now we're at four.
- 00:08:36.932 --> 00:08:40.802
- Now we're at eight.
- 00:08:40.802 --> 00:08:42.137
- Now it's starting to take off.
- 00:08:42.137 --> 00:08:43.471
- It's gonna sound like a--
- 00:08:43.471 --> 00:08:44.806
- Jim s.: so that's a lot of characters in a second.
- 00:08:44.806 --> 00:08:46.274
- I don't even know if a monkey could be typing that fast.
- 00:08:46.274 --> 00:08:47.876
- Jim h.: no, that would be faster, but this is gonna go way
- 00:08:47.876 --> 00:08:50.378
- Faster than a monkey could type anyhow.
- 00:08:50.378 --> 00:08:52.380
- Jim s.: so it's gotten m quite a few times, but again, that's
- 00:08:52.380 --> 00:08:54.583
- Only 1 in 30 chance, but it has to start
- 00:08:54.583 --> 00:08:57.218
- Over, can't just keep the m.
- 00:08:57.218 --> 00:08:58.553
- Jim h.: that's right, 'cause e by itself means nothing.
- 00:08:58.553 --> 00:09:01.623
- Here's an e up here.
- 00:09:01.623 --> 00:09:02.958
- There are many e's, but it has to be an m--preceded by an m.
- 00:09:02.958 --> 00:09:06.294
- So that's what it's looking for.
- 00:09:06.294 --> 00:09:07.662
- Okay, well, now we're at 8, let's go to 16.
- 00:09:07.662 --> 00:09:09.965
- Jim s.: because we don't want to be here all day.
- 00:09:09.965 --> 00:09:11.800
- And this is just for the first two letters of one line
- 00:09:11.800 --> 00:09:15.236
- In shakespeare.
- 00:09:15.236 --> 00:09:16.605
- Jim h.: that's right.
- 00:09:16.605 --> 00:09:18.139
- Jim s.: you're invited to-come on a creation cruise with us
- 00:09:22.344 --> 00:09:25.280
- To alaska.
- 00:09:25.280 --> 00:09:26.615
- We are gonna see the beauty of god's creation.
- 00:09:26.615 --> 00:09:30.085
- You don't wanna miss this ingrace adventure.
- 00:09:30.085 --> 00:09:33.021
- Please join us on our creation cruise.
- 00:09:33.021 --> 00:09:36.725
- Male announcer: experience the ingrace alaska cruise, featuring
- 00:09:36.725 --> 00:09:39.561
- Stops in glacier bay, juneau, ketchikan, and icy strait point.
- 00:09:39.561 --> 00:09:45.066
- You'll be joined by jim scudder, dr. bruce malone, and special
- 00:09:45.066 --> 00:09:49.037
- Guests from "answers in genesis" like mark looy,
- 00:09:49.037 --> 00:09:52.574
- Dr. danny faulkner and dr. georgia purdom,
- 00:09:52.574 --> 00:09:56.544
- Get your free brochures today.
- 00:09:56.544 --> 00:09:58.380
- Call 800-78-grace or visit
- 00:09:58.380 --> 00:10:01.016
- Ingrace.tv/travel for more information.
- 00:10:01.016 --> 00:10:07.990
- Ingrace.tv/travel for more information.
- 00:10:07.990 --> 00:10:08.209
- Jim h.: so here we go, and now it still hasn't found that m-e.
- 00:10:08.643 --> 00:10:10.545
- See, it found some of these quickly, but this one is taking
- 00:10:10.645 --> 00:10:12.680
- A long time, it's just a chance type of thing.
- 00:10:12.781 --> 00:10:13.581
- Jim s.: it's random. jim h.: okay, so here we go.
- 00:10:14.616 --> 00:10:15.884
- Jim s.: and you--and that you built into this, it's random.
- 00:10:15.884 --> 00:10:17.418
- Jim h.: that's right, that's right.
- 00:10:17.418 --> 00:10:18.753
- To exhibit what happens in nature, okay, so now we're at--
- 00:10:18.753 --> 00:10:22.123
- Jim s.: now the monkey's really cranking these things out.
- 00:10:22.123 --> 00:10:23.458
- What is he up to, 32?
- 00:10:23.458 --> 00:10:24.826
- Jim h.: you--unless you were to be slamming his fingers across
- 00:10:24.826 --> 00:10:27.695
- The keys, you would--
- 00:10:27.695 --> 00:10:29.063
- Jim s.: just almost like hitting them all at one time.
- 00:10:29.063 --> 00:10:30.532
- Jim h.: right, okay, 64.
- 00:10:30.532 --> 00:10:32.967
- And this thing's taking off.
- 00:10:32.967 --> 00:10:34.636
- Jim s.: yeah, i wonder what this is doing to everyone's tvs
- 00:10:34.636 --> 00:10:37.505
- At home.
- 00:10:37.505 --> 00:10:39.240
- It's starting to vibrate off the wall.
- 00:10:39.240 --> 00:10:40.708
- Jim h.: here we go, 120, 125.
- 00:10:40.708 --> 00:10:42.877
- Jim h.: oh, it found the the e. jim s.: all right, we got the e.
- 00:10:42.877 --> 00:10:45.146
- Jim h.: see, now it took 1800 characters before--
- 00:10:45.146 --> 00:10:46.881
- Jim s.: so that's over the average.
- 00:10:46.881 --> 00:10:48.883
- Jim h.: yeah, just a little longer.
- 00:10:48.883 --> 00:10:50.251
- But remember, when it found the m, it found it quickly.
- 00:10:50.251 --> 00:10:52.020
- So you just never know what's gonna be quick and what's
- 00:10:52.020 --> 00:10:54.255
- Gonna be--
- 00:10:54.255 --> 00:10:55.590
- Jim s.: it's just math.
- 00:10:55.590 --> 00:10:56.958
- Jim h.: okay, so now let's get this thing going.
- 00:10:56.958 --> 00:10:58.560
- Jim s.: so now we're looking for the t.
- 00:10:58.560 --> 00:11:00.461
- Jim h.: now we're looking for m-e-t.
- 00:11:00.461 --> 00:11:02.497
- And so you can see that there are green characters all the
- 00:11:02.497 --> 00:11:05.266
- Time, and every once in a while you'll see one with an m-e
- 00:11:05.266 --> 00:11:08.203
- Behind it, but it's looking for m-e-t, okay?
- 00:11:08.203 --> 00:11:11.139
- Here we go, keep on going.
- 00:11:11.139 --> 00:11:14.042
- I hope you can hear us over the--over this thing.
- 00:11:14.042 --> 00:11:16.911
- Jim s.: 'cause now it almost feels like we have a tornado
- 00:11:16.911 --> 00:11:19.480
- Warning coming in to the house.
- 00:11:19.480 --> 00:11:21.449
- Everyone's gonna be getting into the basement.
- 00:11:21.449 --> 00:11:23.618
- Jim h.: so we've now have done--
- 00:11:23.618 --> 00:11:24.953
- Jim s.: so this is cranking.
- 00:11:24.953 --> 00:11:26.321
- Jim h.: we've done 12,000 characters, and we're climbing,
- 00:11:26.321 --> 00:11:27.956
- And it's gonna have to do on average about 30,000 in order to
- 00:11:27.956 --> 00:11:31.192
- Get that third character.
- 00:11:31.192 --> 00:11:32.560
- Jim s.: so we went from 30 to 1000 to 30,000?
- 00:11:32.560 --> 00:11:34.028
- Jim h.: right, it goes 30--
- 00:11:34.028 --> 00:11:35.363
- Jim s.: one in thirty thousand to get the three by random
- 00:11:35.363 --> 00:11:37.532
- Chance, m-e-t.
- 00:11:37.532 --> 00:11:38.867
- Jim h.: every two of them is a--multiplies by 1000.
- 00:11:38.867 --> 00:11:43.104
- So, okay.
- 00:11:43.104 --> 00:11:44.973
- Jim s.: so it seems like this would be--m-e-t would be, oh
- 00:11:44.973 --> 00:11:47.442
- Yeah, that'll happen pretty quickly.
- 00:11:47.442 --> 00:11:48.810
- Jim h.: after you saw how fast m was found, you'd think, "it's
- 00:11:48.810 --> 00:11:51.279
- Gonna find it quickly."
- 00:11:51.279 --> 00:11:52.647
- But no, because it takes 30 times longer.
- 00:11:52.647 --> 00:11:54.215
- Jim s.: it has to start over at the m
- 00:11:54.215 --> 00:11:55.550
- And the e again to get the t.
- 00:11:55.550 --> 00:11:57.151
- Jim h.: and occasionally you're seeing the m-e, you can
- 00:11:57.151 --> 00:11:59.153
- See some red in there.
- 00:11:59.153 --> 00:12:00.521
- Oh, it found m-e-t.
- 00:12:00.521 --> 00:12:01.856
- Jim s.: okay, hoo, i just feel so much better now.
- 00:12:01.856 --> 00:12:04.525
- But it was that monkey typing 1000 characters a second.
- 00:12:04.525 --> 00:12:09.163
- How long did it take?
- 00:12:09.163 --> 00:12:10.498
- Jim h.: it took a 37,000 characters, which is a little
- 00:12:10.498 --> 00:12:12.333
- Longer than average.
- 00:12:12.333 --> 00:12:13.701
- Thirty thousand is--would be average.
- 00:12:13.701 --> 00:12:15.036
- So it's right around in that, okay, and now it's--now we're
- 00:12:15.036 --> 00:12:17.605
- Gonna--now we gotta find m-e-t-h, and that will take
- 00:12:17.605 --> 00:12:20.508
- A million.
- 00:12:20.508 --> 00:12:21.876
- That'll take on average a million characters.
- 00:12:21.876 --> 00:12:23.211
- Jim s.: a million characters to randomly get m-e-t-h.
- 00:12:23.211 --> 00:12:27.115
- Jim h.: that's right, see--and that--doesn't that just boggle
- 00:12:27.115 --> 00:12:28.917
- Your mind?
- 00:12:28.917 --> 00:12:30.251
- Jim s.: it does, it does because that's only four characters
- 00:12:30.251 --> 00:12:32.987
- Of--how many are we looking for total?
- 00:12:32.987 --> 00:12:34.956
- What's the total?
- 00:12:34.956 --> 00:12:36.291
- Jim h.: we're looking for, well, it says 42 characters is,
- 00:12:36.291 --> 00:12:38.793
- "methinks it is like a weasel."
- 00:12:38.793 --> 00:12:40.128
- Jim s.: with spaces, space a character?
- 00:12:40.128 --> 00:12:41.496
- Jim h.: right, yes.
- 00:12:41.496 --> 00:12:42.830
- When we're talking about the world, what this is supposed to
- 00:12:42.830 --> 00:12:45.133
- Compare with is amino acids, which are the building blocks of
- 00:12:45.133 --> 00:12:49.537
- Proteins, by chance connecting together and the amino acids are
- 00:12:49.537 --> 00:12:53.675
- Happen to be there.
- 00:12:53.675 --> 00:12:55.009
- That's a hard part in itself, getting amino acids to be there,
- 00:12:55.009 --> 00:12:57.712
- But you have these amino acids, and they connect together.
- 00:12:57.712 --> 00:13:00.848
- And if they happen to connect together, two of them,
- 00:13:00.848 --> 00:13:03.017
- That's interesting.
- 00:13:03.017 --> 00:13:04.352
- Three of them, that's interesting.
- 00:13:04.352 --> 00:13:05.720
- But the thing is, you have to have the whole sentence before
- 00:13:05.720 --> 00:13:07.555
- It means anything.
- 00:13:07.555 --> 00:13:08.923
- M-e-t isn't gonna do anything.
- 00:13:08.923 --> 00:13:10.291
- Jim s.: so in the amino acid illustration, how many would you
- 00:13:10.291 --> 00:13:13.161
- Have to be connecting to have any type of chance?
- 00:13:13.161 --> 00:13:15.663
- Jim h.: one protein, a typical protein is about 400
- 00:13:15.663 --> 00:13:18.900
- Amino acids.
- 00:13:18.900 --> 00:13:20.234
- And you need--the--our evidence that we have empirically is that
- 00:13:20.234 --> 00:13:24.138
- You need at least 300 proteins times 400 per, so you know, what
- 00:13:24.138 --> 00:13:29.310
- Is that?
- 00:13:29.310 --> 00:13:30.678
- Again, multiplied--to 120,000--100--i can't think of
- 00:13:30.678 --> 00:13:33.748
- What it is right offhand, but it'd be 300 times 400 in order
- 00:13:33.748 --> 00:13:37.385
- To have the simplest life that we know of, and we could run
- 00:13:37.385 --> 00:13:40.288
- This overnight and you might get one or two more characters, but.
- 00:13:40.288 --> 00:13:43.758
- Jim s.: but there's a certain point where it's not going to
- 00:13:43.758 --> 00:13:47.628
- Get it.
- 00:13:47.628 --> 00:13:48.963
- Jim h.: there's only so many chances in the universe.
- 00:13:48.963 --> 00:13:50.331
- Jim s.: did you always feel like god created the heavens and the
- 00:13:50.331 --> 00:13:53.534
- Earth, or was there a time in you believed in
- 00:13:53.534 --> 00:13:57.372
- Darwinian evolution?
- 00:13:57.372 --> 00:13:58.706
- Jim h.: in my 20s i was a believer in evolution.
- 00:13:58.706 --> 00:14:01.442
- And i could really remember a moment when i was thinking
- 00:14:01.442 --> 00:14:05.413
- About this.
- 00:14:05.413 --> 00:14:06.781
- I thought, how could it be anything else, and evolution has
- 00:14:06.781 --> 00:14:08.583
- Got to explain it, but--
- 00:14:08.583 --> 00:14:10.184
- Jim s.: because that's all you've ever heard.
- 00:14:10.184 --> 00:14:11.519
- Jim h.: yes, and the thing is there are so many roadblocks in
- 00:14:11.519 --> 00:14:14.689
- This idea of having it happen by chance that we're just
- 00:14:14.689 --> 00:14:17.325
- Scratching the surface.
- 00:14:17.325 --> 00:14:19.660
- Jim s.: this is one little thing, but this is a--okay, jim,
- 00:14:19.660 --> 00:14:24.265
- We have arrived.
- 00:14:24.265 --> 00:14:25.600
- Okay, "methinks," we're halfway to "methinks."
- 00:14:25.600 --> 00:14:29.604
- Jim h.: we--see, we've just sort of taken a million.
- 00:14:29.604 --> 00:14:31.139
- It took 4 million and we got m-e-t-h.
- 00:14:31.139 --> 00:14:33.241
- It just stopped and--okay, now we could let this run all night,
- 00:14:33.241 --> 00:14:36.978
- But i have another program.
- 00:14:36.978 --> 00:14:38.479
- We've reached the limit somewhere.
- 00:14:38.479 --> 00:14:39.847
- Jim s.: pretty much maxed out this.
- 00:14:39.847 --> 00:14:41.182
- Jim h.: yeah, so here what we have is we're showing--first of
- 00:14:41.182 --> 00:14:43.751
- All, just for demonstration purposes, we're gonna type a
- 00:14:43.751 --> 00:14:47.355
- Million, a billion, trillion, quadrillion, quintillion,
- 00:14:47.355 --> 00:14:50.258
- Sextilion, septillion, octillion.
- 00:14:50.258 --> 00:14:52.427
- These are words you probably never have run into before.
- 00:14:52.427 --> 00:14:54.829
- I got them off wikipedia.
- 00:14:54.829 --> 00:14:56.397
- Octillion, nonillion, decillion, undecillion,
- 00:14:56.397 --> 00:14:58.766
- Tredecillion--duodecillion, tredecillion, quattuordecillion,
- 00:14:58.766 --> 00:15:01.536
- All the way up to octodecillion,
- 00:15:01.536 --> 00:15:03.304
- Nono--novemdecillion, vigintillion.
- 00:15:03.304 --> 00:15:05.940
- That's 10 to the 63rd monkeys.
- 00:15:05.940 --> 00:15:08.176
- Jim s.: so i'm assuming that as soon as you hit begin, we're
- 00:15:08.176 --> 00:15:11.112
- Going to get the whole--not just the line, we're going to get the
- 00:15:11.112 --> 00:15:15.149
- Whole thing.
- 00:15:15.149 --> 00:15:16.484
- Jim h.: you would think that any mathematician who's familiar
- 00:15:16.484 --> 00:15:19.220
- With statistics would know that they're only going to get
- 00:15:19.220 --> 00:15:22.924
- 63 characters.
- 00:15:22.924 --> 00:15:24.258
- Jim s.: tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow creeps in this
- 00:15:24.258 --> 00:15:26.894
- Petty pace and it's choked again.
- 00:15:26.894 --> 00:15:29.764
- Jim h.: but now notice, we're choking on trillions of years.
- 00:15:29.764 --> 00:15:32.366
- Jim s.: right, so you're way past what even the broadest
- 00:15:32.366 --> 00:15:35.436
- Estimates are of life on this planet.
- 00:15:35.436 --> 00:15:37.438
- Jim h.: see, time is now elapsing 17 trillion, 18
- 00:15:37.438 --> 00:15:39.607
- Trillion, 19 trillion, and we still aren't getting that
- 00:15:39.607 --> 00:15:42.410
- Because it's got to type that over and over and over again
- 00:15:42.410 --> 00:15:45.046
- Before it gets that next character.
- 00:15:45.046 --> 00:15:47.615
- Jim s.: okay, so this is 100% proven to that one piece that
- 00:15:47.615 --> 00:15:52.386
- They hold on to, which is chance, is impossible.
- 00:15:52.386 --> 00:15:55.590
- Jim h.: it just cannot do it.
- 00:15:55.590 --> 00:15:56.958
- That should be proof to anybody that's reasonable.
- 00:15:56.958 --> 00:16:00.194
- Jim s.: yes, well, and that's the bottom line is reasonable.
- 00:16:00.194 --> 00:16:04.432
- So, we want to, even christians, we need to be, you know, i don't
- 00:16:04.432 --> 00:16:08.903
- Think--some people think you have to just kind of throw away
- 00:16:08.903 --> 00:16:11.372
- Your brain to be a christian.
- 00:16:11.372 --> 00:16:13.341
- I really think it's the opposite.
- 00:16:13.341 --> 00:16:14.675
- I think there are so many proofs of god, of the story of the
- 00:16:14.675 --> 00:16:18.579
- Bible, and it's always been proven historically,
- 00:16:18.579 --> 00:16:20.848
- Archaeologically, prophetically.
- 00:16:20.848 --> 00:16:22.984
- And again, you--we've--you've just demonstrated by pure
- 00:16:22.984 --> 00:16:26.754
- Science, pure math that it could not come about by random chance
- 00:16:26.754 --> 00:16:31.459
- And process.
- 00:16:31.459 --> 00:16:33.027
- Therefore, we were created.
- 00:16:33.027 --> 00:16:35.963
- Jim h.: yes, and you know, some people kind of balk at this
- 00:16:35.963 --> 00:16:39.867
- Because they feel like we're trying to get rid of faith, but
- 00:16:39.867 --> 00:16:42.303
- We're not trying to get rid of faith.
- 00:16:42.303 --> 00:16:44.205
- Faith isn't blinding your eyes and not looking at mathematics.
- 00:16:44.205 --> 00:16:47.508
- Faith is you're taking--filling in those holes where god isn't
- 00:16:47.508 --> 00:16:50.945
- There all the time spoon-feeding you.
- 00:16:50.945 --> 00:16:53.247
- Every once in a while he lets you be on your own, as david
- 00:16:53.247 --> 00:16:56.350
- Talks about in the psalms, and those are the times when you
- 00:16:56.350 --> 00:16:58.653
- Need the faith, so.
- 00:16:58.653 --> 00:17:00.021
- Jim s.: and faith comes in in the spiritual component.
- 00:17:00.021 --> 00:17:02.490
- The bible says that we're sinners, that we've rebelled,
- 00:17:02.490 --> 00:17:04.392
- That we've gone against god, and we need salvation.
- 00:17:04.392 --> 00:17:06.861
- So faith comes in at, is jesus the son of god?
- 00:17:06.861 --> 00:17:09.931
- You know, which again, i think there's many proofs of that, the
- 00:17:09.931 --> 00:17:12.633
- Resurrection, many infallible proofs, many people saw him.
- 00:17:12.633 --> 00:17:15.703
- But faith comes in at, what--did jesus, when he was on the cross,
- 00:17:15.703 --> 00:17:18.839
- Did he become sin for me?
- 00:17:18.839 --> 00:17:20.608
- There's faith, right?
- 00:17:20.608 --> 00:17:21.943
- 'cause there's no empirical data that's gonna prove that, so--but
- 00:17:21.943 --> 00:17:25.613
- I believe it.
- 00:17:25.613 --> 00:17:26.981
- Jesus rose again and he--he offered me eternal life and he
- 00:17:26.981 --> 00:17:29.717
- Said whosoever believeth in him should not perish but have
- 00:17:29.717 --> 00:17:31.953
- Everlasting life.
- 00:17:31.953 --> 00:17:33.287
- So that's really what it all comes down to.
- 00:17:33.287 --> 00:17:34.956
- We're not just out here to say evolution's wrong, we're out
- 00:17:34.956 --> 00:17:37.225
- Here to say creation is true and the creator loves you.
- 00:17:37.225 --> 00:17:40.361
- Jim h.: amen, amen.
- 00:17:40.361 --> 00:17:41.696
- That's right.
- 00:17:41.696 --> 00:17:43.064
- And there--an interesting thing happened.
- 00:17:43.064 --> 00:17:44.565
- Christopher hitchens, who recently passed away, he was a
- 00:17:44.565 --> 00:17:47.535
- Well-known atheist, and he was having a debate with frank
- 00:17:47.535 --> 00:17:50.771
- Turek, who's an apologist.
- 00:17:50.771 --> 00:17:52.273
- At the end of it, frank turek said, "let me get this straight,
- 00:17:52.273 --> 00:17:54.575
- Christopher hitchens.
- 00:17:54.575 --> 00:17:56.177
- You believe that god does not exist and you hate him," and
- 00:17:56.177 --> 00:17:59.313
- That was basically what it was, you know.
- 00:17:59.313 --> 00:18:01.148
- Christopher hitchens has some vendetta against god.
- 00:18:01.148 --> 00:18:03.851
- It's not that he doesn't believe that god exists.
- 00:18:03.851 --> 00:18:05.586
- He knows, but he doesn't want to accept god because god
- 00:18:05.586 --> 00:18:09.624
- Represents something bad to him.
- 00:18:09.624 --> 00:18:11.892
- Jim s.: and usually, that's what--that's the case, is
- 00:18:11.892 --> 00:18:13.728
- Something happened, something bad happened, and i can't
- 00:18:13.728 --> 00:18:17.765
- Explain all of that.
- 00:18:17.765 --> 00:18:19.100
- Certainly, why would god who's good, allow this bad thing in
- 00:18:19.100 --> 00:18:21.335
- My life?
- 00:18:21.335 --> 00:18:22.703
- But i know one thing.
- 00:18:22.703 --> 00:18:24.038
- I know he's good because he's proven that by sending his only
- 00:18:24.038 --> 00:18:27.041
- Begotten son to die for our sins.
- 00:18:27.041 --> 00:18:29.310
- And we're still not done with your program.
- 00:18:29.310 --> 00:18:31.712
- After 207 trillion years, we still won't have one sentence
- 00:18:31.712 --> 00:18:36.984
- Of shakespeare.
- 00:18:36.984 --> 00:18:38.319
- We're getting closer, but we're still not there.
- 00:18:38.319 --> 00:18:40.521
- So, you've blown all of the random chance and process theory
- 00:18:40.521 --> 00:18:44.058
- Out of the water.
- 00:18:44.058 --> 00:18:45.393
- Thank you, jim, for putting it to the test, putting a lot of
- 00:18:45.393 --> 00:18:49.096
- Monkeys to work, keeping them employed.
- 00:18:49.096 --> 00:18:52.833
- Jim h.: we didn't blow up the computer.
- 00:18:52.833 --> 00:18:54.168
- Jim s.: the computer's starting to smoke a little bit, so we
- 00:18:54.168 --> 00:18:56.570
- Better shut her down here and turn off the light.
- 00:18:56.570 --> 00:18:59.073
- But thank you very much for being on "ingrace."
- 00:18:59.073 --> 00:19:00.708
- It's been delightful.
- 00:19:00.708 --> 00:19:02.076
- Jim h.: thank you, jim.
- 00:19:02.076 --> 00:19:03.411
- It was a wonderful experience being here with you.
- 00:19:03.411 --> 00:19:04.779
- Jim s.: thank you. god bless.
- 00:19:04.779 --> 00:19:06.147
- Jim s.: well, how silly it is for a man to think that an
- 00:19:07.481 --> 00:19:11.419
- Animal like a monkey could ever type even a line of shakespeare.
- 00:19:11.419 --> 00:19:16.490
- So what does all that mean?
- 00:19:16.490 --> 00:19:18.392
- Well, it means that we didn't come about by random processes
- 00:19:18.392 --> 00:19:21.796
- And chance.
- 00:19:21.796 --> 00:19:23.164
- That means that we were created.
- 00:19:23.164 --> 00:19:25.766
- That means that we are also accountable to the creator.
- 00:19:25.766 --> 00:19:30.538
- See, the bible says that god created us and we sin.
- 00:19:30.538 --> 00:19:32.873
- We've rebelled against him.
- 00:19:32.873 --> 00:19:34.208
- We have fallen away, fallen short of the glory of god.
- 00:19:34.208 --> 00:19:37.978
- We've missed the mark by a mile.
- 00:19:37.978 --> 00:19:40.915
- But god loves us.
- 00:19:40.915 --> 00:19:42.249
- He created us for fellowship and he wants to fellowship with us.
- 00:19:42.249 --> 00:19:45.486
- But if we reject him because of our rebellion and sin, we will
- 00:19:45.486 --> 00:19:49.990
- Never be able to be with him.
- 00:19:49.990 --> 00:19:51.926
- We will be separated from him in a place created for the devil,
- 00:19:51.926 --> 00:19:55.963
- The demons, a place called hell.
- 00:19:55.963 --> 00:19:58.599
- But that's not what god wants.
- 00:19:58.599 --> 00:20:00.234
- God loves you so much that his son, jesus, came and died on a
- 00:20:00.234 --> 00:20:04.839
- Cross for your sins.
- 00:20:04.839 --> 00:20:06.674
- He rose again the third day and he has promised any person, boy,
- 00:20:06.674 --> 00:20:11.579
- Girl, man, woman, black, white, whatever accent you have or
- 00:20:11.579 --> 00:20:16.317
- Whatever education you have or don't have, whatever your bank
- 00:20:16.317 --> 00:20:18.919
- Account says, it doesn't matter, jesus died for you.
- 00:20:18.919 --> 00:20:22.623
- He is god in the flesh, he died on a cross, he poured out his
- 00:20:22.623 --> 00:20:25.860
- Blood for your sins.
- 00:20:25.860 --> 00:20:28.095
- He was perfect.
- 00:20:28.095 --> 00:20:29.463
- He didn't deserve to die, but he died because he loves you.
- 00:20:29.463 --> 00:20:33.501
- Don't reject him.
- 00:20:33.501 --> 00:20:34.935
- Yeah, something bad may have happened in your life.
- 00:20:34.935 --> 00:20:37.605
- You might have seen just tragedies and abuse or whatever
- 00:20:37.605 --> 00:20:40.975
- It is, maybe someone died that you love dearly or you saw
- 00:20:40.975 --> 00:20:44.979
- Cancer taking away someone's health, whatever the calamity
- 00:20:44.979 --> 00:20:49.116
- Was, let me just tell you, there's a lot of bad things in
- 00:20:49.116 --> 00:20:51.685
- This world, but there are a lot of good things.
- 00:20:51.685 --> 00:20:53.354
- There is a god who is good.
- 00:20:53.354 --> 00:20:55.022
- He cares deeply about you.
- 00:20:55.022 --> 00:20:56.857
- He has actually sent his son to die for your sins on the cross,
- 00:20:56.857 --> 00:21:00.394
- And if you will by faith believe in him, trust in him, you will
- 00:21:00.394 --> 00:21:03.831
- Be saved right now and you will never lose what you have that is
- 00:21:03.831 --> 00:21:07.868
- Called eternal life.
- 00:21:07.868 --> 00:21:09.203
- You can be saved right now and never lose that by simply
- 00:21:09.203 --> 00:21:12.506
- Believing, trusting in jesus.
- 00:21:12.506 --> 00:21:13.941
- Say, "lord, i'm a sinner.
- 00:21:13.941 --> 00:21:15.309
- I can't save myself.
- 00:21:15.309 --> 00:21:16.644
- But right now i put my trust, my dependence in jesus."
- 00:21:16.644 --> 00:21:21.148
- Please, put your faith in him alone today.
- 00:21:21.148 --> 00:21:25.786
- Jim s.: i'd encourage you to stop what you're doing and order
- 00:21:29.957 --> 00:21:33.694
- This exciting tour of a full-sized noah's ark.
- 00:21:33.694 --> 00:21:38.466
- Announcer: make your gift today of any amount to unlock this
- 00:21:38.466 --> 00:21:41.001
- Incredible series.
- 00:21:41.001 --> 00:21:42.470
- For gifts of $35 or more, you'll also receive "a walk through
- 00:21:42.470 --> 00:21:46.273
- Creation with ken ham" and the popular series, "exploring
- 00:21:46.273 --> 00:21:50.110
- God's ocean."
- 00:21:50.110 --> 00:21:51.679
- With gifts of $100 or more, we will include our entire eight
- 00:21:51.679 --> 00:21:55.749
- Series creation bundle, taking you on an incredible journey
- 00:21:55.749 --> 00:21:59.186
- Through the marvels of god's creation.
- 00:21:59.186 --> 00:22:01.755
- Give now and start your journey to discover the incredible story
- 00:22:01.755 --> 00:22:05.392
- Of noah's ark and the magnificent world around us.
- 00:22:05.392 --> 00:22:09.263
- Visit ingrace.tv or call 800-78-grace to give today.
- 00:22:09.263 --> 00:22:15.102
- Announcer: tune in next week to "ingrace" as jim scudder
- 00:22:15.169 --> 00:22:17.771
- Explores alaska, god's wild and wonderful masterpiece.
- 00:22:17.771 --> 00:22:22.710
- Jim s.: first impressions: this is a wild place.
- 00:22:22.710 --> 00:22:26.146
- Jim s.: this has been a really amazing experience, being able
- 00:22:29.850 --> 00:22:32.853
- To see the bears up close like this and they're actively
- 00:22:32.853 --> 00:22:35.756
- Feeding, gorging on these salmon.
- 00:22:35.756 --> 00:22:37.925
- It's just beautiful.
- 00:22:37.925 --> 00:22:42.396
- Announcer: record every single "ingrace" episode.
- 00:22:46.467 --> 00:22:49.737
- You will be so blessed as we learn all about god's world and
- 00:22:49.737 --> 00:22:53.607
- God's word.
- 00:22:53.607 --> 00:22:54.975
- Ingrace is a viewer-supported ministry.
- 00:22:54.975 --> 00:22:57.912
- Thank you for your prayers and gifts.
- 00:22:57.912 --> 00:22:59.999